Ihe mkpuchi evaporation: Site na ikpo ọkụ na ikpochapụ ihe ụfọdụ iji tinye ya n'elu ala siri ike, a na-akpọ ya mkpuchi evaporation.M. Faraday bu ụzọ tụpụta usoro a n'afọ 1857, ọ ghọkwara otu n'ime ndị
Usoro mkpuchi nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'oge a.E gosipụtara nhazi nke akụrụngwa mkpuchi evaporation na eserese 1.
A na-etinye ihe ndị a kpochapuru dị ka ọla, ogige, wdg n'ime ite ọkụ ma ọ bụ kwụgidere na waya dị ọkụ dị ka isi iyi evaporation, a na-etinyekwa workpiece nke a ga-etinye, dị ka ọla, seramiiki, plastik na ihe ndị ọzọ. crucible.Mgbe a chụpụrụ usoro ahụ na oghere dị elu, a na-ekpo ọkụ crucible iji kpochapu ihe dị n'ime ya.Atọm ma ọ bụ ụmụ irighiri ihe nke ihe a kpochapuru ka a na-edobere n'elu nke mkpụrụ ahụ n'ụzọ dị mgbagwoju anya.Ọkpụrụkpụ nke ihe nkiri ahụ nwere ike ịdị site na narị narị angstroms ruo ọtụtụ microns.A na-ekpebi ọkpụrụkpụ nke ihe nkiri ahụ site na ọnụ ọgụgụ evaporation na oge nke isi iyi evaporation (ma ọ bụ ego nkwụnye ego), na-ejikọta ya na anya n'etiti isi iyi na mkpụrụ.Maka mkpuchi mkpuchi buru ibu, a na-ejikarị mkpụrụ na-atụgharị ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ ebe evaporation iji hụ na ịdị n'otu nke ọkpụrụkpụ ihe nkiri ahụ.Ebe dị anya site na isi iyi nke evaporation ruo na mkpụrụ kwesịrị ịbụ ihe na-erughị ụzọ efu efu nke mkpụrụ ndụ vapor na gas fọdụrụnụ iji gbochie nkukota nke mkpụrụ ndụ vapor na ụmụ irighiri gas fọdụrụnụ ka ọ ghara ịkpata mmetụta kemịkal.Nkezi ike kinetic nke mkpụrụ ndụ vapor bụ ihe dịka 0.1 ruo 0.2 volts eletrọn.
Enwere ụdị isi iyi evaporation atọ.
① Ebe ikpo ọkụ na-eguzogide: Jiri refractory metals dị ka tungsten na tantalum na-eme ka ụgbọ mmiri foil ma ọ bụ filament, na-etinye electric ugbu a na-ekpo ọkụ na evaporated ihe n'elu ya ma ọ bụ na crucible (Figure 1 [Schematic eserese nke evaporation mkpuchi akụrụngwa] agụụ mkpuchi) Nguzogide kpo oku. A na-ejikarị isi iyi na-ekpochapụ ihe ndị dị ka Cd, Pb, Ag, Al, Cu, Cr, Au, Ni;
② Isi iyi ikpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-eme ka ọ dị elu: na-eji ihe nkwụnye ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ;
③Electron beam kpo oku isi iyi: ọdabara Maka ihe nwere elu evaporation okpomọkụ (adịghị ala karịa 2000 [618-1]), ihe na-vaporized site bombarding ihe onwunwe na electron ibé.
N'iji ya na usoro mkpuchi oghere ndị ọzọ, mkpuchi evaporative nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke nkwụnye ego, ma enwere ike kpuchie ya na ihe nkiri ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị na nke na-abụghị nke okpomọkụ.
Iji tinye otu ihe nkiri kristal dị elu dị elu, enwere ike iji epitaxy beam molecular mee ihe.Ngwaọrụ epitaxy molecular beam maka itolite doped GaAlAs otu oyi akwa kristal ka egosiri na eserese 2Igwe ọkụ jet ahụ nwere isi iyi molekụla.Mgbe ọ na-ekpo ọkụ n'otu ọnọdụ okpomọkụ n'okpuru ultra-high vacuum, a na-ebupụ ihe ndị dị n'ime ọkụ ahụ na mkpụrụ n'ime iyi molekụla dị ka doo.A na-eme ka mkpụrụ ahụ dị ọkụ ruo ụfọdụ okpomọkụ, ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị e debere na mkpụrụ nwere ike ịkwaga, na kristal na-etolite n'usoro nke kristal kristal nke mkpụrụ.Enwere ike iji epitaxy molecular beam mee ihe
nweta otu ihe nkiri kristal dị elu dị elu nwere oke stoichiometric achọrọ.Ihe nkiri na-eto ngwa ngwa Enwere ike ịchịkwa ọsọ na 1 otu oyi akwa / sk.Site n'ịchịkwa baffle ahụ, enwere ike ịme otu ihe nkiri kristal nke nwere nhazi na nhazi achọrọ nke ọma.A na-eji epitaxy molecular beam eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe iji rụpụta ngwaọrụ agbakwunyere ngwa anya dị iche iche yana ihe nkiri ihe nrụpụta dị iche iche.
Oge nzipu: Jul-31-2021